Netherlands – Dordrecht, “Cardinal’s War Council at Maastricht and Emmerich”, 1599
Obverse:
Cardinal seated on a throne, holding a scepter, in discussion with four council members. Legend: GOD D. X C I X VLT O NIJMANG (1599).
Reverse:
Spanish army marching along the Rhine; in the legend: FRVSTRA CONATVR (“He strives in vain”), with IMPIUS in exergue.
Historical Context:
Jeton issued by Dordrecht in 1599, referring to the war council of Cardinal Andrew of Austria at Maastricht and Emmerich during the Dutch Revolt. The design mocks Spanish war planning and reflects Dutch propaganda celebrating divine justice and Spanish futility.
References: Dugniolle 3467; van Loon I, 527; cf. Tas 337
Material: Copper
Diameter: 30 mm
Date: 1599
Origin: Dordrecht
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