obv. Head of Spithridates right, wearing bashlyk rev. Forepart of horse to right, surrounded by Σ Π I and monogram
Spithridates was one of the Persian generals who served under King Darius III of Persia (336-330 BC). He was also appointed satrap of Ionia & Lydia, in which capacity he had this coin minted. His troops were stationed near Kyme, and this place is considered the most likely mint for this coin. When Alexander the Great (336-323 BC) invaded Asia Minor with his army, then under Persian rule, the Persians had to do something to counter his advance. In 334 BC, on the road from Abydos to Dascylium by the Granicus River in Troas, not far from ancient Troy, the Persian troops and Alexander′s army clashed. It would go down in history as the Battle of the Granicus. The Persian troops and a large Greek army from Memnon of Rhodes were defeated there by Alexander the Great′s army. Spithridates was one of the Persian commanders and during this battle tried to have his sword fall on Alexander′s head as he approached him from behind. However, the Macedonian officer Cleitos, nicknamed ″the Black″, saved Alexander′s life by cutting off Spithridates′ descending arm with his sword. Spithridates was killed in that battle. As a reward, Cleitos was made in 328 BC appointed satrap of Bactria. On the day of the appointment, a banquet was held in the evening in the satrap palace in Maracanda (present-day Samarkand in Uzbekistan) to celebrate this. However, the party got drunk and a huge fight ensued. Alexander, for example, ordered Cleitos to fight with the defeated Greek units that had served under the Persians against the steppe nomads of central Asia. Something Cleitos did not like at all. Cleitos, who once saved Alexander′s life, was personally murdered by Alexander because of this refusal. If the sword of Spithradates had hit Alexander and killed him, history would have turned out very differently. Alexander′s advance would have stopped at the beginning and his empire would never have been realized ……
The bashlyk was a typical Persian headgear resembling a bag from leather, of which the upper part was folded upward.
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