Nice silver damma of Umar III (mid-900's CE), Habbarid Sindh, India (F/T HS13)

Billah yathiqu / Umar wa bihi/ yantasir ("In god trusts Umar and though him victorious") // Muhammad / rasul / Allah / Umar ("Muhammad is the messenger of God, Umar"). 10mm, 0.47 grams. G/G #AS33var; Fishman/Todd (2018) #HS13.

Umar III ruled either a part of a whole of Sindh around the middle of the 900's AD.

The Habbarid dynasty (c. 854–1024 CE) was an Arab Muslim ruling family in Sindh, descended from the Qurayshite Habbari clan. Originally governors under the Abbasids, they established semi-independent rule from their base at Mansura after Abbasid power weakened in the region. The Habbarids maintained Islamic authority while accommodating local traditions, promoting trade and agriculture along the Indus. Though they acknowledged Abbasid suzerainty in name, they functioned as de facto independent rulers for nearly two centuries until their power was broken by Mahmud of Ghazni’s invasions in the early 11th century.